• Ge Definium 8000 Specifications

VistA Imaging Approved DICOM Modality Interfaces 30 December 2013 VistA Imaging has successfully tested many modalities and interfaced them to VistA using DICOM. The following list of approved DICOM modalities was generated based on the most current information and will change as more information becomes available. 1 Definium 5000 1 1 S1700JA Definium 5000 U-Arm Definium 5000 is a floor mounted U-Arm positioner combined with the GE Healthcare Cesium Iodide flat panel detector. U-Arm. Motorized U-arm - Variable SID with auto positions at 40' & 72' (100 and 180 cm). U-Arm rotation of +120/- 30 degrees.

. Timar-Gabor, Alida; Constantin, Daniela; Buylaert, Jan-Pieter; 2015-01-01 SAR-OSL investigations on quartz from Romanian loess resulted in non concordant fine and coarse-grain ages for equivalent doses higher than 100 Gy. The laboratory dose response for both grain sizes is well represented by a sum of two saturating exponential functions, fine and coarse grains chara. 王军; 何文; 罗丽萍 2012-01-01 Objective To prepare ketoprofen ethosomal gels and study the quality preliminarily. Methods The ketoprofen ethosomes were prepared by injection method. The optimal formulation and preparation were screened by orthogonal experiments. The ethosomal gels were prepared by mixing method.

The content of ketoprofen was determined by HPLC and the entrapment efficiency of the ethosomes was measured by dialysis method. Results The shape of the ketoprofen ethosomes was spherical with homogeneous size and the average value of mean particle size was(185.8 ±58.2)nm.

The average encapsulation efficiency was (72.6 ±3.2)%. The linear range of ketoprofen was 1.5-12.0 μg mL-1(r=0.999 9). The average recovery of ketoprofen is (99.3 ±1. Conclusion The preparation is simple and reasonable with promising repeatability and controllable quality.%目的 研制酮洛芬醇质体凝胶,并对其质量进行初步考察.方法 采用注入法制备酮洛芬醇质体,通过正交实验优选较佳处方和工艺；采用研和法制备醇质体凝胶,HPLC测定其中主药的含量,透析法测定包封率.结果 酮洛芬醇质体形态圆整,粒径均匀,平均粒径为(185.8±58.2)nm,平均包封率为(72.6±3.2)％.酮洛芬线性浓度范围为1.5-12.0μgmL-1(r=0.9999),平均回收率为(99.3±1.5)％.结论 本制剂制备工艺简单可行,重现性好,质量稳定可控.

Springer, Michael J; Ni, Yawei; Finger-Baker, Isaac; Ball, Jordan P; Hahn, Jessica; DiMarco, Ashley V; Kobs, Dean; Horne, Bobbi; Talton, James D; Cobb, Ronald R 2016-03-14 Norovirus is the primary cause of viral gastroenteritis in humans with multiple genotypes currently circulating worldwide. The development of a successful norovirus vaccine is contingent on its ability to induce both systemic and mucosal antibody responses against a wide range of norovirus genotypes.

Norovirus virus-like particles (VLPs) are known to elicit systemic and mucosal immune responses when delivered intranasally. Incorporation of these VLPs into an intranasal powder vaccine offers the advantage of simplicity and induction of neutralizing systemic and mucosal antibodies.

Nasal immunization, which provides the advantage of ease of administration and a mucosal delivery mechanism, faces the real issue of limited nasal residence time due to mucociliary clearance. Herein, we describe a novel dry powder (GelVac™) formulation of GI or GII.4 norovirus VLPs, two dominant circulating genotypes, to identify the optimal antigen dosages based on systemic and mucosal immune responses in guinea pigs.

Systemic and mucosal immunogenicity of each of the VLPs was observed in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, a boosting effect was observed after the second dosing of each VLP antigen. With the GelVac™ formulation, a total antigen dose of ≥ 15 μg was determined to be the maximally immunogenic dose for both GI and GII.4 norovirus VLPs based on evaluation for 56 days. Taken together, these results indicate that norovirus VLPs could be used as potential vaccine candidates without using an immunostimulatory adjuvant and provide a basis for the development of a GelVac™ bivalent GI/GII.4 norovirus VLP vaccine. Carvalho, F.P. 1988-01-01 Marine biota is able to concentrate /sup 210/Po to high levels, as 10/sup 3/-10/sup 5/ relative to sea water concentration. /sup 210/Po concentrations in mixed zooplankton reaches 34-51 Bq.kg/sup -1/ (fresh wt), special groups such as copepods reaching even higher concentrations /similar to/ 90 Bq.kg/sup -1/, whereas gelatinous zooplankton display /similar to/ 1 Bq.kg/sup -1/.

Epipelagic teleosts feeding on plankton displayed the highest concentrations found in fish muscle, 2-21 Bq.kg/sup -1/. Contrasting with this, demersal teleosts and elasmobranchs display lower /sup 210/Po concentrations, in the ranges 0.5-7 Bq.kg/sup -1/ and 0.2-1.7 Bq.kg/sup -1/, respectively. Much higher concentrations can, however, be measured in fish liver, gonad, bone and piloric caecca, and small mesopelagic fish can reach /similar to/ 800 Bq.kg/sup -1/ on a whole-body basis.

Due to these /sup 210/Po activity concentrations, dose equivalent rates delivered to biological tissues in marine organisms can vary widely, from 0.4 mSv.y/sup -1/ in gelatinous plankton up to 5.6 x 10/sup 3/ mSv.y/sup -1/ in the gut wall of sardines. It is concluded that in organisms living in the same ocean layer a wide range of internal radiation doses exists and it is essentially sustained by /sup 210/Po food-chain transfer. Shibata, Tomohiko; Igawa, Hikaru; Kim, Tae Hyun; Mori, Tatsuya; Kojima, Seiji 2014-03-01 A liquid-glass transition and a crystalline state of pharmaceutical racemic ketoprofen were studied by Raman scattering and the broadband terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) in the frequency range from 9 to 260 cm-1.

The low-frequency Raman scattering spectra clearly shows the remarkable change related to a liquid-glass transition at about Tg = 267 K. After melt-quenching at liquid nitrogen temperature, a boson peak appears at about 16.5 cm-1 near and below Tg and the intensity of quasi-elastic scattering related to structural relaxation increases markedly on heating.

The crystalline racemic ketoprofen of 'conformer A' shows the noncoincidence effect of mode frequencies below 200 cm-1 between Raman scattering spectra and dielectric spectra observed by THz-TDS. Nakashima, Eiji 2015-07-01 Using the all solid cancer mortality data set of the Life Span Study (LSS) cohort from 1950 to 2003 (LSS Report 14) data among atomic bomb survivors, excess relative risk (ERR) statistical analyses were performed using the second degree polynomial and the threshold and restricted cubic spline (RCS) dose response models. For the RCS models with 3 to 7 knots of equally spaced percentiles with margins in the dose range greater than 50 mGy, the dose response was assumed to be linear at less than 70 to 90 mGy. Due to the skewed dose distribution of atomic bomb survivors, the current knot system for the RCS analysis results in a detailed depiction of the dose response as less than approximately 0.5 Gy. The 6 knot RCS models for the all-solid cancer mortality dose response of the whole dose or less than 2 Gy were selected with the AIC model selection criterion and fit significantly better (p 5000 Gy given on top of natural doses. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

All rights reserved. Characterised by D01 and D02 values of 140 and 1400 Gy and 65 and 650 Gy respectively. Pulsed OSL experiments confirmed that this behaviour is almost certainly inherent to quartz and not caused by contamination with another mineral. Natural doseeresponse curves do not follow the same pattern and enter.

Saturation much earlier. Analysis of time resolved spectra indicated similar luminescence lifetimes for both fine and coarse quartz grains, and natural and laboratory generated OSL signals seem to use the same non-dosedependent recombination pathways. The natural signals of a sample with an expected. Ahmed, Musa; Azam, Faizul; Gbaj, Abdul; Zetrini, Abdulmottaleb E; Abodlal, Amna Salem; Rghigh, Abir; Elmahdi, Eman; Hamza, Amel; Salama, Mabruk; Bensaber, Salah M 2016-01-01 Prompted by the ineptness of the currently used non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to control gastric mucosal and renal adverse reactions, several ester prodrugs of ketoprofen were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral data.

Ge Definium 8000 Specifications

Physicochemical properties such as aqueous solubility, octanol-water partition coefficient log P, chemical stability and enzymatic hydrolysis of the synthesized molecules have been studied to assess their potential as prodrugs. The obtained results confirmed that all ester prodrugs are chemically stable, possess increased lipophilicity compared to their parent compounds and converted to the active drugs in vivo. All of the tested ester prodrugs exhibited marked anti-inflammatory activity ranging from 91.8% to 113.3% in comparison with the parent drug, ketoprofen. A mutual prodrug obtained from two antiinflammatory molecules, ketoprofen and salicylic acid has been noted to potentiate the activity making it most active molecule of the series. The ulcerogenic index of the ester prodrugs was significantly lower than the parent drug, ketoprofen. Comparative docking studies against X-ray crystal structures of COX-1 and COX-2 further provided understanding of their interaction with the cyclooxygenases that will facilitate design of better inhibitors (or prodrugs) with sufficient specificity for COX-2 against COX-1.

The study offers an innovative strategy for finding a molecule with safer therapeutic profile for longterm treatment of inflammatory diseases. Guo, Hongqin; Cai, Changqun; Gong, Hang; Chen, Xiaoming 2011-06-01 Interactions of the anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) in aqueous solution have been studied by multi-spectroscopic method including resonance light scattering (RLS) technique, ultraviolet spectra (UV), 1H NMR, etc. The characteristics of RLS spectra, the effective factors and optimum conditions of the reaction have been unequivocally investigated. Mechanism investigations have shown that ketoprofen can bind to ctDNA by groove binding and form large particles, which resulted in the enhancement of RLS intensity. In Critic acid-Na 2HPO 4 buffer (pH = 6.5), ketoprofen has a maximum peak 451.5 nm and the RLS intensity is remarkably enhanced by trace amount of ctDNA due to the interaction between ketoprofen and ctDNA. The enhancement of RLS signal is directly proportional to the concentration of ctDNA in the range of 1.20 × 10 -6-1.0 × 10 -5 mol/L, and its detection limit (3 σ) is 1.33 × 10 -9 mol/L.

The method is simple, rapid, practical and relatively free from interference generated by coexisting substance, and was applied to the determination of trace amounts of nucleic acid in synthetic samples with satisfactory results. Kheradmandnia, Soheila; Vasheghani-Farahani, Ebrahim; Nosrati, Mohsen; Atyabi, Fatemeh 2010-12-01 Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been proposed as suitable colloidal carriers for delivery of drugs with limited solubility.

Ketoprofen as a model drug was incorporated into SLNs prepared from a mixture of beeswax and carnauba wax using Tween 80 and egg lecithin as emulsifiers. The characteristics of the SLNs with various lipid and surfactant composition were investigated. The mean particle size of drug-loaded SLNs decreased upon mixing with Tween 80 and egg lecithin as well as upon increasing total surfactant concentration. SLNs of 75 ± 4 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.2 ± 0.02 were obtained using 1% (vol/vol) mixed surfactant at a ratio of 60:40 Tween 80 to egg lecithin.

The zeta potential of these SLNs varied in the range of -15 to -17 (mV), suggesting the presence of similar interface properties. High drug entrapment efficiency of 97% revealed the ability of SLNs to incorporate a poorly water-soluble drug such as ketoprofen.

Differential scanning calorimetry thermograms and high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis indicated the stability of nanoparticles with negligible drug leakage after 45 days of storage. It was also found that nanoparticles with more beeswax content in their core exhibited faster drug release as compared with those containing more carnauba wax in their structure. Dorman, Susan E; Savic, Radojka M; Goldberg, Stefan; Stout, Jason E; Schluger, Neil; Muzanyi, Grace; Johnson, John L; Nahid, Payam; Hecker, Emily J; Heilig, Charles M; Bozeman, Lorna; Feng, Pei-Jean I; Moro, Ruth N; MacKenzie, William; Dooley, Kelly E; Nuermberger, Eric L; Vernon, Andrew; Weiner, Marc 2015-02-01 Rifapentine has potent activity in mouse models of tuberculosis chemotherapy but its optimal dose and exposure in humans are unknown. We conducted a randomized, partially blinded dose-ranging study to determine tolerability, safety, and antimicrobial activity of daily rifapentine for pulmonary tuberculosis treatment. Adults with sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were assigned rifapentine 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg or rifampin 10 mg/kg daily for 8 weeks (intensive phase), with isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol.

The primary tolerability end point was treatment discontinuation. The primary efficacy end point was negative sputum cultures at completion of intensive phase. A total of 334 participants were enrolled.

At completion of intensive phase, cultures on solid media were negative in 81.3% of participants in the rifampin group versus 92.5% (P = 0.097), 89.4% (P = 0.29), and 94.7% (P = 0.049) in the rifapentine 10, 15, and 20 mg/kg groups. Liquid cultures were negative in 56.3% (rifampin group) versus 74.6% (P = 0.042), 69.7% (P = 0.16), and 82.5% (P = 0.004), respectively. Compared with the rifampin group, the proportion negative at the end of intensive phase was higher among rifapentine recipients who had high rifapentine areas under the concentration-time curve.

Percentages of participants discontinuing assigned treatment for reasons other than microbiologic ineligibility were similar across groups (rifampin, 8.2%; rifapentine 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg, 3.4, 2.5, and 7.4%, respectively). Daily rifapentine was well-tolerated and safe.

High rifapentine exposures were associated with high levels of sputum sterilization at completion of intensive phase. Further studies are warranted to determine if regimens that deliver high rifapentine exposures can shorten treatment duration to less than 6 months. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00694629). Desai, Sameer N; Santhosh, M C B 2014-01-01 A review of all the adjuncts for intravenous regional anaesthesia concluded that there is good evidence to recommend NonSteroidal Anti-Inflammatory agents and pethidine in the dose of 30mg dose as adjuncts to intravenous regional anaesthesia.

But there are no studies to compare pethidine of 30mg dose to any of the NonSteroidal Anti-Inflammatory agents. In a prospective, randomized, double blind study, 45 patients were given intravenous regional anaesthesia with either lignocaine alone or lignocaine with pethidine 30mg or lignocaine with ketprofen 100mg. Fentanyl was used as rescue analgesic during surgery. For the first 6h of postoperative period analgesia was provided by fentanyl injection and between 6 and 24h analgesia was provided by diclofenac tablets. Visual analogue scores for pain and consumption of fentanyl and diclofenac were compared. The block was inadequate for one case each in lignocaine group and pethidine group, so general anaesthesia was provided.

Time for the first dose of fentanyl required for postoperative analgesia was significantly more in pethidine and ketoprofen groups compared to lignocaine group (156.7±148.8 and 153.0±106.0 vs. 52.1±52.4min respectively). Total fentanyl consumption in first 6 h of postoperative period was less in pethidine and ketoprofen groups compared to lignocaine group (37.5±29.0 mcg, 38.3±20.8mcg vs. 64.2±27.2mcg respectively).

Consumption of diclofenac tablets was 2.4±0.7, 2.5±0.5 and 2.0±0.7 in the control, pethidine and ketoprofen group respectively, which was statistically not significant. Side effects were not significantly different between the groups. Both pethidine and ketoprofen are equally effective in providing postoperative analgesia up to 6h, without significant difference in the side effects and none of the adjuncts provide significant analgesia after 6h. Copyright © 2013 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Publicado por Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

Desai 2014-07-01 Full Text Available BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A review of all the adjuncts for intravenous regional anaesthesia concluded that there is good evidence to recommend NonSteroidal Anti-Inflammatory agents and pethidine in the dose of 30 mg dose as adjuncts to intravenous regional anaesthesia. But there are no studies to compare pethidine of 30 mg dose to any of the NonSteroidal Anti-Inflammatory agents.

METHODS: In a prospective, randomized, double blind study, 45 patients were given intravenous regional anaesthesia with either lignocaine alone or lignocaine with pethidine 30 mg or lignocaine with ketprofen 100 mg. Fentanyl was used as rescue analgesic during surgery. For the first 6 h of postoperative period analgesia was provided by fentanyl injection and between 6 and 24 h analgesia was provided by diclofenac tablets. Visual analogue scores for pain and consumption of fentanyl and diclofenac were compared. RESULTS: The block was inadequate for one case each in lignocaine group and pethidine group, so general anaesthesia was provided. Time for the first dose of fentanyl required for postoperative analgesia was significantly more in pethidine and ketoprofen groups compared to lignocaine group (156.7 ± 148.8 and 153.0 ± 106.0 vs.

52.1 ± 52.4 min respectively. Total fentanyl consumption in first 6 h of postoperative period was less in pethidine and ketoprofen groups compared to lignocaine group (37.5 ± 29.0 mcg, 38.3 ± 20.8 mcg vs.

64.2 ± 27.2 mcg respectively. Consumption of diclofenac tablets was 2.4 ± 0.7, 2.5 ± 0.5 and 2.0 ± 0.7 in the control, pethidine and ketoprofen group respectively, which was statistically not significant.

Side effects were not significantly different between the groups. CONCLUSION: Both pethidine and ketoprofen are equally effective in providing postoperative analgesia up to 6 h, without significant difference in the side effects and none of the adjuncts provide significant analgesia after 6 h. Desai, Sameer N; Santhosh, M C B 2014-01-01 A review of all the adjuncts for intravenous regional anaesthesia concluded that there is good evidence to recommend NonSteroidal Anti-Inflammatory agents and pethidine in the dose of 30mg dose as adjuncts to intravenous regional anaesthesia. But there are no studies to compare pethidine of 30mg dose to any of the NonSteroidal Anti-Inflammatory agents.

In a prospective, randomized, double blind study, 45 patients were given intravenous regional anaesthesia with either lignocaine alone or lignocaine with pethidine 30mg or lignocaine with ketprofen 100mg. Fentanyl was used as rescue analgesic during surgery. For the first 6h of postoperative period analgesia was provided by fentanyl injection and between 6 and 24h analgesia was provided by diclofenac tablets. Visual analogue scores for pain and consumption of fentanyl and diclofenac were compared. The block was inadequate for one case each in lignocaine group and pethidine group, so general anaesthesia was provided.

Time for the first dose of fentanyl required for postoperative analgesia was significantly more in pethidine and ketoprofen groups compared to lignocaine group (156.7±148.8 and 153.0±106.0 vs. 52.1±52.4min respectively). Total fentanyl consumption in first 6h of postoperative period was less in pethidine and ketoprofen groups compared to lignocaine group (37.5±29.0mcg, 38.3±20.8mcg vs. 64.2±27.2mcg respectively). Consumption of diclofenac tablets was 2.4±0.7, 2.5±0.5 and 2.0±0.7 in the control, pethidine and ketoprofen group respectively, which was statistically not significant.

Side effects were not significantly different between the groups. Both pethidine and ketoprofen are equally effective in providing postoperative analgesia up to 6h, without significant difference in the side effects and none of the adjuncts provide significant analgesia after 6h.

Copyright © 2013 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda.

All rights reserved. Laverman, GD; Henning, RH; de Jong, PE; Navis, G; de Zeeuw, D 2001-01-01 Although the antiproteinuric response to antihypertensive treatment is the main predictor of renoprotective efficacy in long-term renal disease, to date, dose-finding studies of anti hypertensives have been based only on blood pressure. We aimed to find the optimal antiproteinuric dose of the angiot. 2011-01-01 The potential of ethosomes for delivering ketoprofen via skin was evaluated. The ethosomes were prepared, optimized and characterized.

Vesicular shape, size and entrapment efficiency were determined by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and minicolumn centrifugation technique, respectively. Vesicle sizes varied from 120.3±6.1 to 410.2±21.8 nm depending on the concentrations of soya phosphatidyl choline (SPC) and ethanol. Entrapment efficiency increased with concentrati. Rina Astuti 2010-01-01 Ketoprofen yang terdapat dipasaran diproduksi oleh beberapa industri farmasi dan masing-masing industri memiliki formulasi yang berbeda, dengan perbedaan formulasi ini tentu akan mempengaruhi harga pKa dari molekul obat yang akan menentukan absorpsi dan distribusi obat dalam jaringan-jaringan tubuh. Harga pKa yang diperoleh dari suatu senyawa tergantung dari metode yang digunakan, diantaranya perhitungan secara?

Hammett (Siswandono & Soekardjo, 1998), secara Spektrofotometri Ultraviolet m. Garland, Cedric F; French, Christine B; Baggerly, Leo L; Heaney, Robert P 2011-01-01. from 60-80 ng/ml may be needed to reduce cancer risk. Few community-based studies allow estimation of the dose-response relationship between oral intake of vitamin D and corresponding serum 25(OH. Larsen, C.; Jensen, Bodil Hamborg; Olesen, H. 1991-01-01 Initial velocities of ketoprofen formation from ketoprofen-dextran ester prodrugs incubated in homogenates of various segments of the pig GI-tract were determined. Enzyme-mediated drug release was found in caecum and colon homogenates with their contents, whereas release rates in the stomach.

Takada, Yoshihisa; Himukai, Takeshi; Takizawa, Kenji; Terashita, Yohsuke; Kamimura, Satoshi; Matsuda, Hiroshi; Hotta, Kenji; Kohno, Ryosuke; Komori, Masataka; Kanai, Tatsuaki 2008-10-01 A range compensator (abbreviated as a RC hereafter) is used to form a conformal dose distribution for heavy-charged-particle therapy. However, it induces distortion of the dose distribution. The induced inhomogeneity may result in a calibration error of a monitor unit (MU) assigned to a transmission ionization chamber. By using a bi-material RC made from a low-Z material and a high-Z material instead of the regular RC, the dose inhomogeneity has been obviously reduced by equalizing the lateral dose distributions formed by pencil beams traversing elements of the RC with different base thicknesses at the same water-equivalent depth. We designed and manufactured a 4 x 4 matrix-shaped single-material RC and a bi-material RC with the same range losses at corresponding elements of the RCs. The bi-material RC is made from chemical wood (the main chemical component is an ABS resin) as a low-Z material and from brass as a high-Z material.

Sixteen segments of the RC are designed so that the range-loss differences of the adjacent segments of the RC range from 0 to 50 mm in steps of 5 mm. We measured dose distributions in water formed by a 160 MeV proton beam traversing the single-material RC or the bi-material RC, using the HIMAC biology beam port. Large dips and bumps were observed in the dose distribution formed by the use of the single-material RC; the dose uniformity has been significantly improved in the target region by the use of the bi-material RC.

The improvement has been obtained at the expense of blurring lateral penumbra. For clinical application of this method to a patient with large density inhomogeneity, a simple modification method of the original calculation model has been given. Ismail, Isriani; Wahyudin, Elly; Rahman, Latifah 2013-01-01 Niosom adalah system vesikel yang dapat digunakan sebagai pembawa obat lipofilik, hidrofilik dan ampifilik.

Ketoprofen adalah salah satu golongan AINS yang sangat sukar larut dalam air dan dalam pH cairan lambung, paparan lama pada mukosa lambung dapat memperparah ulcus, sehingga bahan obat patut dikembangkan dalam bentuk sediaan lain dengan rute yang lebih nyaman, misalnya dalma bentuk sedian transdermal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi niosom yang dapat menjerap ketoprofen secar. Shohin, Igor E; Kulinich, Julia I; Ramenskaya, Galina V; Abrahamsson, Bertil; Kopp, Sabine; Langguth, Peter; Polli, James E; Shah, Vinod P; Groot, D W; Barends, Dirk M; Dressman, Jennifer B 2012-10-01 Literature and experimental data relevant to the decision to allow a waiver of in vivo bioequivalence (BE) testing for the approval of immediate-release (IR) solid oral dosage forms containing ketoprofen are reviewed. Ketoprofen's solubility and permeability, its therapeutic use and therapeutic index, pharmacokinetic properties, data related to the possibility of excipient interactions, and reported BE/bioavailability (BA)/dissolution data were taken into consideration. The available data suggest that according to the current Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) and all current guidances, ketoprofen is a weak acid that would be assigned to BCS Class II. The extent of ketoprofen absorption seems not to depend on formulation or excipients, so the risk of bioinequivalence in terms of area under the curve is very low, but the rate of absorption (i.e., BE in terms of peak plasma concentration, C(max) ) can be altered by formulation.

Current in vitro dissolution methods may not always reflect differences in terms of C(max) for BCS Class II weak acids; however, such differences in absorption rate are acceptable for ketoprofen with respect to patient risks. As ketoprofen products may be taken before or after meals, the rate of absorption cannot be considered crucial to drug action. Therefore, a biowaiver for IR ketoprofen solid oral dosage form is considered feasible, provided that (a) the test product contains only excipients present also in IR solid oral drug products containing ketoprofen, which are approved in International Conference on Harmonisation or associated countries, for instance, as presented in this paper; (b) both the test drug product and the comparator dissolve 85% in 30 min or less in pH 6.8 buffer; and (c) test product and comparator show dissolution profile similarity in pH 1.2, 4.5, and 6.8. When one or more of these conditions are not fulfilled, BE should be established in vivo. Chang-Chuan Guo; Yi-Hong Tang; Hai-Hong Hu; Lu-Shan Yu; Hui-Di Jiang; Su Zeng 2011-01-01 The protein binding of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs flurbiprofen, ketoprofen and etodolac with human serum albumin （HSA） was investigated using indirect chiral high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） and ultrafiltration techniques. S-（-）-1-（1-naphthyl）- ethylamine （S-NEA） was utilized as chiral derivatization reagent and pre-column derivatization RP-HPLC method was established for the separation and assay of the three pairs of enantiomer. The method had good linear relationship over the investigated concentration range without interference.

The average extraction efficiency was higher than 85% in different systems, and the intra-day and inter-day precisions were less than 15%. In serum albumin, the protein binding of etodolac enantiomers showed significant stereoselectivity that the affinity of S-enantiomer was stronger than R-enantiomer, and the stereoselectivity ratio reached 6.06; Flurbiprofen had only weak stereoselectivity in HSA, and ketoprofen had no stereoselectivity at all. Scatchard curves showed that all the three chiral drugs had two types of binding sites in HSA.

Balasuriya, Lilanthi; Vyles, David; Bakerman, Paul; Holton, Vanessa; Vaidya, Vinay; Garcia-Filion, Pamela; Westdorp, Joan; Sanchez, Christine; Kurz, Rhonda 2017-09-01 An enhanced dose range checking (DRC) system was developed to evaluate prescription error rates in the pediatric intensive care unit and the pediatric cardiovascular intensive care unit. An enhanced DRC system incorporating 'soft' and 'hard' alerts was designed and implemented. Practitioner responses to alerts for patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit and the pediatric cardiovascular intensive care unit were retrospectively reviewed. Alert rates increased from 0.3% to 3.4% after 'go-live' (P.

. Liu, Jane Z; Frisch, Nicholas B; Barden, Regina M; Rosenberg, Aaron G; Silverton, Craig D; Galante, Jorge O 2017-04-01 Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a known complication following total hip arthroplasty.

Radiation is an effective prophylaxis, but an optimal protocol has yet to be determined. We performed a randomized, double-blinded clinical trial in high-risk patients to determine the efficacy of 400 vs 700 c Gy doses of radiation.

One hundred forty-seven patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty and at high risk for HO at an urban medical center were randomized to receive either a single 400 or 700 c Gy dose of radiation postoperatively. High risk was defined as a diagnosis of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, hypertrophic osteoarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, or history of previous HO. Radiation was administered on the first or second postoperative day. A single blinded reviewer graded radiographs taken immediately postoperatively and at a minimum of 6 months postoperatively using the Brooker classification. Progression was defined as an increase in Brooker classification. Operative data including surgical approach, implant fixation, revision surgery, and postoperative range of motion data were also collected.

A significantly greater portion of patients who received the 400 c Gy dose demonstrated progression of HO than patients who received the 700 c Gy dose. There were no wound complications. No preoperative factors were associated with a higher rate of progression. Patients who progressed had less flexion on physical examination than patients who did not progress, but this was not clinically significant. Seven hundred centigray was superior to 400 c Gy in preventing HO formation following total hip arthroplasty in high-risk patients and may be the more effective treatment in this population. Further studies comparing 700 c Gy to dosages between 400 and 700 c Gy may help to clarify if a more.